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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>scanin</title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;
charset=ISO-8859-1">
<meta name="author" content="Graeme Gill">
</head>
<body>
<h2><b>scanin/scanin</b></h2>
<h3>Summary</h3>
Convert an 8 or 16 bit per component <a
href="File_Formats.html#TIFF">TIFF</a>
image of a
test chart into <a href="File_Formats.html#.ti3">.ti3</a>
device
values
using automatic pattern recognition, or manual chart alignment.<br>
Performs other tasks associated with turning a TIFF raster of test
patches into numeric values. <br>
<h3>Usage Summary<br>
</h3>
<small><a style="font-family: monospace;" href="#_"> usage</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">: scanin [options] input.tif
recogin.cht
valin.cie [diag.tif]</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> :- inputs
'input.tif', and outputs scanner
'input.ti3', or</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<br style="font-family: monospace;">
<a style="font-family: monospace;" href="#g"> usage</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">: scanin -g [options] input.tif
recogout.cht
[diag.tif]</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> :- outputs file
'recogout.cht', or</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<br style="font-family: monospace;">
<a style="font-family: monospace;" href="#o"> usage</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">: scanin -o [options] input.tif
recogin.cht
[diag.tif]</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> :- outputs file
'input.val', or</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<br style="font-family: monospace;">
<a style="font-family: monospace;" href="#c"> usage</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">: scanin -c [options] input.tif
recogin.cht
scanprofile.[icm|mpp] pbase [diag.tif]</span><br
style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> :- inputs
pbase.ti2
and outputs printer pbase.ti3, or</span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<br style="font-family: monospace;">
<a style="font-family: monospace;" href="#r"> usage</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">: scanin -r [options] input.tif
recogin.cht
pbase [diag.tif]</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> :- inputs
pbase.ti2+.ti3 and outputs pbase.ti3</span><br
style="font-family: monospace;">
<br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#g">-g</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
Generate
a chart reference (.cht) file</span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#o">-o</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
Output
patch values in .val file</span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#c">-c</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
Use
image to measure color to convert printer pbase .ti2 to .ti3</span><span
style="font-family: monospace;"></span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#ca">-ca</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
Same
as -c, but accumulates more values to pbase .ti3</span><br
style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;">
from
subsequent pages</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#r">-r</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
Replace
device values in pbase .ti3</span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;">
Default
is to create a scanner .ti3 file<br>
</span></small><small><span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#F">-F
x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4</a><span style="font-family: monospace;">
<br>
Don't
auto recognize, locate using four fiducual marks<br>
<a href="#p">-p</a>
Compensate
for perspective distortion<br style="font-family: monospace;">
</span></small><small><span style="font-family: monospace;"></span><span
style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#a">-a</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
Recognize
chart in normal orientation only</span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;">
Default
is to recognize all possible chart angles<br>
<a href="#m">-m</a>
Return
true mean (default is robust mean)<br>
</span></small><small><span style="font-family: monospace;"> <a
href="#G">-G gamma</a>
Approximate
gamma
encoding of image</span></small><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<small><span style="font-family: monospace;"></span><span
style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#v">-v [n]</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
Verbosity
level 0-9</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#d">-d</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;"> [ihvglLIcrsonap]
generate
diagnostic output (try -dipn)</span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#di">i</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- B&W of input image</span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#dh">h</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- Horizontal edge detection</span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#dv">v</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- Vertical edge detection</span><br style="font-family:
monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#dg">g</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- Groups detected</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#dl">l</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- Lines detected</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#dL">L</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- All lines detected<br>
</span></small><small><span style="font-family: monospace;">
</span><span style="font-family: monospace;"><a href="#dI">I</a>
diag
- lines used to improve fit<br>
</span></small><small><span style="font-family: monospace;">
</span><a style="font-family: monospace;" href="#dc">c</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- lines perspective corrected</span></small><br
style="font-family: monospace;">
<small><span style="font-family: monospace;"></span><span
style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#dr">r</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- lines rotated</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#ds">s</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- sample boxes rotated</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#do">o</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- sample box outlines</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#dn">n</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- sample box names</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#da">a</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- sample box areas</span><br style="font-family: monospace;">
<span style="font-family: monospace;"> </span><a
style="font-family: monospace;" href="#dp">p</a><span
style="font-family: monospace;">
diag
- pixel areas sampled</span></small>
<br>
<small><span style="font-family: monospace;">
<a href="#O">-O</a>
outputfile
Override the default output filename
& extension.</span></small><br>
<h3>Usage Details and Discussion</h3>
<span style="font-weight: bold;">scanin</span> is setup to deal with
a
raster file that has been roughly cropped to a size that contains
the
test chart. It's exact orientation is not important [ie. there is
usually no need to rotate or crop the image any more finely.] The
reference files are normally set up with the assumption that the
edges
of the chart are visible within the image, and if the image is
cropped
to exclude the chart edges, it may well not recognize the chart
properly. It is designed to cope with a variety of resolutions, and
will cope with some degree of noise in the scan (due to screening
artefacts on the original, or film grain), but it isn't really
designed
to accept very high resolution input. For anything over 600DPI, you
should consider down sampling the scan using a filtering downsample,
before submitting the file to scanin. Similarly, any file with a
large
level of noise (due to screening or scanner artefacts) should
consider
down sampling the image or filtering it with some average preserving
filter before submitting it to scanin. Examining the diagnostic
output
(ie. -dig and -dil) may help in determining whether noise is an
issue.<br>
<br>
There are 5 basic modes that <b>scanin</b> operates in.<br>
<ul>
<li><a name="_"></a>When no special argument is given scanin is
assumed to be parsing an input device characterization chart
(ie. an
IT8.7/2 chart), for the purpose of creating a <a
href="File_Formats.html#.ti3">.ti3</a> data file containing
the CIE test values and the corresponding RGB scanner values.
The <a href="File_Formats.html#.ti3">.ti3</a> file can then be
used for
creating
an input profile using <a href="colprof.html">colprof</a>. The
file
arguments are: <a name="_p1"></a>The TIFF file that is to be
processed, <a name="_p2"></a>the image recognition template
file, <a name="_p3"></a>the CIE reference value definitions for
the test chart
(sometimes labeled a ".q60" file), <a name="_p4"></a>and an
optional
name for the image recognition
diagnostic output. The resulting .ti3 file will have the same
base name
as the input TIFF file.</li>
<li><a name="g"></a>If the<b> -g</b> flag is specified, then
scanin
is operating in a mode designed to create the necessary image
recognition template file (<a href="File_Formats.html#.cht">.cht</a>)
boilerplate information. Patch
location and labeling information would need to be added
manually to
such
a generated file, to make a complete and useable recognition
template
file. <a href="cht_format.html">CHT file format.</a> The input
TIFF
file in
this situation, should be a good quality image, perhaps
synthetically
generated
(rather than being scanned), and perfectly oriented, to make
specification
of the patch locations easier. The file arguments are: <a
name="gp1"></a>The
TIFF file that
is to be processed, <a name="gp2"></a>the image recognition
template
file to be created, <a name="gp3"></a>and
an optional name for the image recognition diagnostic output.</li>
<li><a name="o"></a>If the <b>-o</b> flag is used, then scanin
will
process the input TIFF file and produce a generic <a
href="File_Formats.html#CGATS">CGATS</a>
style file containing just the patch values (a <span
style="font-weight: bold;">.val</span> file). The file
arguments
are: <a name="op1"></a>The TIFF file that is to be processed, <a
name="op2"></a>the image recognition template file
to be created, <a name="op3"></a>and an optional name for the
image
recognition diagnostic
output.</li>
<li><a name="c"></a>If the <b>-c</b> flag is used, then an input
image
of a print test chart can be used
in combination with a device profile, to estimate the CIE
tristimulus
values of the patches. This allows RGB
input devices to be used as a crude replacement for a color
measuring
instrument. The icc or mpp profile has
(presumably) been
created by scanning an IT8.7/2 chart (or similar) through the
RGB input
device,
and
then using scanin to create the .ti3 file needed to feed to
colprof to
create
the input device profile. The file arguments in -c mode are: <a
name="cp1"></a>The
TIFF file that
is to be processed containing the image of a print test chart, <a
name="cp2"></a>the image recognition template file for the
test chart
generated by the <a href="printtarg.html"> printtarg</a> tool,
<a name="cp3"></a>the input device ICC or MPP profile, <a
name="cp4"></a>the
base
name for the .ti2 file containing the
test chart printer device
values and their patch identifiers and the base name for the
resulting
.ti3
file, <a name="cp5"></a>and finally an optional name for the
image
recognition diagnostic output.
The resulting .ti3 file will have the same base name as the
input TIFF
file.
If there is more than one page in the test chart, then scanin
will need
to be run multiple times, once for each scan file made from each
test
chart. <a name="ca"></a>The <b>-ca</b> flag combination should
be
used
for all pages after the first,
as this then adds that pages test values to the .ti3 file,
rather than
creating
a .ti3 file that contains only that pages test values. If the
incoming
.ti2 file contains per-channel calibration
curves, these will be passed through to the .ti3 so that
accurate ink
limits can be computed during profiling. </li>
<li><a name="r"></a>If the <span style="font-weight: bold;">-r</span>
flag is used, then the input TIFF value
is used as a source of device values to replace any existing
device
values in the given .ti3
file. This is intended for use in the situation in which the
device
values
being fed into an output device are altered in some way that is
difficult
to predict (ie. such as being screened and then de-screened),
and this
alteration
to the device values needs to be taken into account in creating
a
profile
for such a device. The file arguments in -r mode are: <a
name="rp1"></a>The
TIFF file that
is to be processed containing a rasterized image of an output
test
chart, <a name="rp2"></a>the image recognition template file
for the
test
chart generated by the <a href="printtarg.html"> printtarg</a>
tool, <a name="rp3"></a>the base name for
the .ti2 file containing the output test chart device values and
their
patch
identifiers and the base name for the .ti3 file that is to have
its
device
values replaced, <a name="rp4"></a>and finally an optional name
for
the
image recognition diagnostic
output.<br>
</li>
</ul>
A number of flags and options are available, that are independent of
the
mode that scanin is in.<br>
<br>
Normally scanin will try and recognize a chart, irrespective of its
orientation. For charts that have some asymmetric patch size or
arrangement (such as an IT8.7/2, or a chart generated by <a
href="printtarg.html"> printtarg</a>
with the <b>-s</b> option), this is both flexible and reliable.
Other
charts
may be symmetrical, and therefore having scanin figure out the
orientation
automatically is a problem if the recognition template does not
contain
expected patch values, since it will have an equal chance of
orienting
it incorrectly as correctly. To solve this, the <a name="a"></a><b>-a</b>
flag can be
used,
and care taken to provide a raster file that is within 45 degrees of
"no
rotation".<br>
<br>
<a name="F"></a>Normally scanin will use automatic chart recognition
to
identify the location of the test patches and extract their values.
If
the chart <a href="cht_format.html">CHT file</a>
has four fiducial marks defined, then the chart can be manually
aligned by specifying the pixel location of the four marks as
arguments to the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><span
style="font-weight: bold;">-F</span></span> flag. The top left,
top
right, bottom right and bottom left fiducial marks X and Y
co-ordinates
should be
specified as a single concatenated argument, separated by comma's,
e.g:
-F 10,20,435,22,432,239,10,239 The coodinates may be
fractional using a decimal point.
Four fiducial marks allows for compensation for perspective
distortion.<br>
<br>
<a name="p"></a>By default the automatic chart recognition copes
with
rotation, scale and stretch in the chart image, making it suitable
for
charts that have been scanned, or shot squarely with a camera. If a
chart has been shot not exactly facing the camera (perhaps to avoid
reflection, or to get more even lighting), then it will suffer from
perspective distortion as well. The <span style="font-weight:
bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">-p</span></span> flag
enables automatic
compensation for perspective distortion.<br>
<br>
<a name="m"></a>Normally scanin computes an average of the pixel
values
within a sample square, using a "robust" mean, that discards pixel
values that are too far from the average ("outlier" pixel values).
This
is done in an attempt to discard value that are due to scanning
artefacts such as dust, scratches etc. You can force scanin to
return
the true mean values for the sample squares that includes all the
pixel
values, by using the <span style="font-weight: bold;">-m</span>
flag.<br>
<br>
<a name="G"></a>Normally scanin has reasonably robust feature
recognition, but the default assumption is that the input chart has
an
approximately even visual distribution of patch values, and has been
scanned and converted to a typical gamma 2.2 corrected image,
meaning
that the average patch pixel value is expected to be about 50%. If
this
is not the case (for instance if the input chart has been scanned
with
linear light or "raw" encoding), then it may enhance the image
recognition to provide the approximate gamma encoding of the image.
For
instance, if linear light encoding ("Raw") is used, a <span
style="font-weight: bold;">-G</span> value of 1.0 would be
appropriate. Values less than 2.2 should be tried if the chart is
particularly dark, or greater than 2.2 if the chart is particularly
light. Generally it is only necessary to provide this is there are
problems in recognizing the chart.<br>
<br>
<a name="v"></a> The <b>-v</b> flag enables extra verbosity in
processing. This can aid debugging, if a chart fails to be
recognized.<br>
<br>
<a name="d"></a> The <b>-d</b> flag enables the generation of an
image
recognition diagnostic raster. The name of diagnostic raster can be
specified as the last in the
command line, or if not, will default to <span style="font-weight:
bold;">diag.tif</span>. Various flags control what
is written to the diagnostic
raster.
Note that at least one flag must be specified for a diagnostic
raster
to be produced.<br>
<b><a name="di"></a>i</b> creates a black and
white
version of the input raster in the diagnostic output, to be able to
compare with the feature extraction.<br>
<b><a name="dh"></a>h</b> will show pixels in the
input image classified as being on horizontal edges, in red.<br>
<b><a name="dv"></a>v</b> will show pixels in the
input image classified as being vertical edges, in green.<br>
<b><a name="dg"></a>g</b> will show groups of
pixels
that will be used
to estimate edge lines, each group in a different color.<br>
<b><a name="dl"></a>l</b> will show valid lines
estimated from the vertical and horizontal pixel groups, in white.<br>
<b><a name="dL"></a>L</b> will show all lines
(valid
and invalid) estimated from the vertical and horizontal pixel
groups,
in white.<br>
<b><a name="dI"></a>I</b> will show valid lines lines
used
to improve the final fit,
in blue.<br>
<b><a name="dc"></a>c</b> will show the lines with
perspective correction applied in cyan.<br>
<b><a name="dr"></a>r</b> will show the lines
rotated
to the reference
chart orientation, in yellow.<br>
<b><a name="ds"></a>s</b> will show the diagnostic
sampling box edge outlines, rotated to the reference chart
orientation,
in orange.<br>
<b><a name="do"></a>o</b> will show all the
sampling
box edge outlines, in orange.<br>
<b><a name="dn"></a>n</b> will show the ID names
of
the sampling boxes, plus the diagnostic sample boxes, using a simple
stroke font, in orange.<br>
<b><a name="da"></a>a</b> will show the sampling
areas as crossed boxes, plus the diagnostic sample boxes, in orange.<br>
<b><a name="dp"></a>p</b> will show the sampling
areas as colored pixels.<br>
<br>
The combination of <b>-dipn</b> is usually a good place to start.<br>
<br>
The <a href="File_Formats.html#TIFF">TIFF</a> file can be either 8
or
16 bits per color component, with 16 bit files being slower to
process,
but yielding more precise results.<br>
<br>
If at all in doubt that the file has been recognized correctly, use
the
<span style="font-weight: bold;">-dipn</span> diagnostic flag
combination, and check the resulting diagnostic raster file.<br>
[ A badly recognised image will typically result in high self fit
delta E's when used with colprof. ]<br>
<br>
<a name="O"></a>The <span style="font-weight: bold;">-O</span>
parameter allows the
output file name & extension to be specified independently of
the
last tiff
filename. Note that the full filename must be specified, including
the
extension.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
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