OpenVPN                                             Daniel Kubec <niel@rtfm.cz>
RFC-5705                                                          February 2015


                Added support for TLS Keying Material Exporters

Keying Material Exporter [RFC-5705] allow additional keying material to be
derived from existing TLS channel. This exported keying material can then be
used for a variety of purposes. TLS allows client and server to establish
keying material for use in the upper layers between the TLS end-points and
channel bindings is straightforward and well-defined mechanism how to
authenticate other layers.


OpenVPN Configuration

--keying-material-exporter label len

Export Keying Material [RFC-5705] of len bytes (min. 16 bytes) using label in
environment (exported_keying_material) for use by plugins in
OPENVPN_PLUGIN_TLS_FINAL callback.

Note that exporter labels have the potential to collide with existing PRF
labels. In order to prevent this, labels MUST begin with "EXPORTER".
(This option requires OpenSSL 1.0.1 or newer.)


Use Cases:

Secure bindings of AAA information to application layer

   OpenVPN Client                   <------>                 OpenVPN Server
   [KeyAgreement]                                            [KeyAgreement]

   [TLSExportedKeyingMaterial]                  [TLSExportedKeyingMaterial]
   [AAASessionKey]                                          [AAASessionKey]
   Client                           <------>                         Server
                      [Authenticated layer on top of (D)TLS]


TLS side channel authentication and straightforward bindings of AAA information
to application layer using well-defined mechanism.

   OpenVPN Client                   <------>                 OpenVPN Server
   [KeyAgreement]                                            [KeyAgreement]

   [TLSExportedKeyingMaterial]                  [TLSExportedKeyingMaterial]
   [DerivedAAABindingKey]                            [DerivedAAABindingKey]
                                                  [AuthenticateBindingKeys]
   Client                           ------->                         Server
                             [Confidential channel]


TLS Message flow for a full handshake

   ClientHello                      -------->
                                                               ServerHello
                                                               Certificate*
                                                         ServerKeyExchange*
                                                        CertificateRequest*
                                    <--------              ServerHelloDone
   Certificate*
   ClientKeyExchange
   CertificateVerify*
   [ChangeCipherSpec]
   Finished                         -------->
                                                        [ChangeCipherSpec]
                                    <--------                     Finished

   GenerateTLSBindingKey                             GenerateTLSBindingKey

   Application Data                 <------->             Application Data


Terminology

   AAA                     Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting:
                           functions that are generally required to control
                           access to a service and support auditing.

   Secure channel          a packet, datagram, octet stream connection, or
                           sequence of connections between two end-points that
                           affords cryptographic integrity and confidentiality
                           to data exchanged over it.

   Channel binding         the process of establishing that no man-in-the-middle
                           exists between two end-points that have been
                           authenticated using secure channel.

   TLS Binding Key         Exported Keying Material [RFC5705]

                           If no context is provided, it then computes:
                           PRF(SecurityParameters.master_secret, label,
                               SecurityParameters.client_random +
                               SecurityParameters.server_random
                           )[length]

                           If context is provided, it computes:
                           PRF(SecurityParameters.master_secret, label,
                               SecurityParameters.client_random +
                               SecurityParameters.server_random +
                               context_value_length + context_value
                           )[length]

   AAA Binding Key         TLS side channel authentication based on secure
                           channel bindings requires one more key derivation.

                           SHA1(TLSExportedKeyingMaterial + ServerPublicKey)

Reference

   [OPENAAA]               "TLS side channel authentication and straightforward
                            bindings of AAA information to application
                            layer using well-defined mechanism."
                           Daniel Kubec <niel@rtfm.cz>              March 2013
                           https://github.com/n13l/openaaa

   [RFC5705]               "Keying Material Exporters for TLS"
                           E. Rescorla, RFC 5705 March 2010
                           http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5705

   [RFC5929]               "Channel Bindings for TLS"
                           J. Altman, N. Williams, L. Zhu, RFC 5929, July 2010
                           http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5929

   [RFC4680]               "TLS Handshake Message for Supplemental Data"
                           S. Santesson, RFC 4680, September 2006
                           http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4680

   [RFC5878]               "TLS Authorization Extension"
                           M. Brown, R. Housley, RFC 5878, May 2010
                           http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5878

   [RFC5746]               "TLS Renegotiation Indication Extension"
                           E. Rescorla, M. Raym, S. Dispensa, N. Oskov
                           RFC 5746, February 2010
                           http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5746