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diff --git a/doc/user/builders-built-in.xml b/doc/user/builders-built-in.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bee5b38 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/user/builders-built-in.xml @@ -0,0 +1,949 @@ +<!-- + + Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 The SCons Foundation + + Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining + a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the + "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including + without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, + distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to + permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to + the following conditions: + + The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included + in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. + + THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY + KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE + WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND + NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE + LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION + OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION + WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. + +--> + + <para> + + &SCons; provides the ability to build a lot of different + types of files right "out of the box." + So far, we've been using &SCons;' ability to build + programs, objects and libraries to + illustrate much of the underlying functionality of &SCons; + This section will describe all of the different + types of files that you can build with &SCons;, + and the built-in &Builder; objects used to build them. + By default, all of the &Builder; objects in this section + can be built either with or without an explicit + construction environment. + + </para> + + <section> + <title>Programs: the &Program; Builder</title> + + <para> + + As we've seen, the &b-link-Program; Builder + is used to build an executable program. + The &source; argument is one or more + source-code files or object files, + and the ⌖ argument is the + name of the executable program name to be created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + Program('prog', 'file1.o') + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create the &prog; + executable on a POSIX system, + the &prog_exe; executable on a Windows system. + + </para> + + <para> + + The target file's prefix and suffix may be omitted, + and the values from the + &cv-link-PROGPREFIX; + and + &cv-link-PROGSUFFIX; + construction variables + will be appended appropriately. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment(PROGPREFIX='my', PROGSUFFIX='.xxx') + env.Program('prog', ['file1.o', 'file2.o']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create a program named + <filename>myprog.xxx</filename> + regardless of the system on which it is run. + + </para> + + <para> + + If you omit the ⌖, + the base of the first input + file name specified + becomes the base of the target + program created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + Program(['hello.c', 'goodbye.c']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create the &hello; + executable on a POSIX system, + the &hello_exe; executable on a Windows system. + + </para> + + <para> + + Two construction variables control what libraries + will be linked with the resulting program. + The &cv-link-LIBS; variable is a list of the names of + libraries that will be linked into any programs, + and the &cv-link-LIBPATH; variables is a list of + directories that will be searched for + the specified libraries. + &SCons; will construct the right command-line + options for the running system. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment(LIBS = ['foo1', 'foo2'], + LIBPATH = ['/usr/dir1', 'dir2']) + env.Program(['hello.c', 'goodbye.c']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will execute as follows on a POSIX system: + + </para> + + <screen> + % <userinput>scons -Q</userinput> + cc -o goodbye.o -c goodbye.c + cc -o hello.o -c hello.c + cc -o hello hello.o goodbye.o -L/usr/dir1 -Ldir2 -lfoo1 -lfoo2 + </screen> + + <para> + + And execute as follows on a Windows system: + + </para> + + <screen> + C:\><userinput>scons -Q</userinput> + + scons: warning: No installed VCs + File "<stdin>", line 67, in __call__ + + scons: warning: No version of Visual Studio compiler found - C/C++ compilers most likely not set correctly + File "<stdin>", line 67, in __call__ + + scons: warning: No installed VCs + File "<stdin>", line 67, in __call__ + + scons: warning: No version of Visual Studio compiler found - C/C++ compilers most likely not set correctly + File "<stdin>", line 67, in __call__ + cl /Fogoodbye.obj /c goodbye.c /nologo + cl /Fohello.obj /c hello.c /nologo + link /nologo /OUT:hello.exe /LIBPATH:\usr\dir1 /LIBPATH:dir2 foo1.lib foo2.lib hello.obj goodbye.obj + </screen> + + <para> + + The &cv-LIBS; construction variable + is turned into command line options + by appending the &cv-link-LIBLINKPREFIX; and &cv-link-LIBLINKSUFFIX; + construction variables to the beginning and end, + respectively, of each specified library. + + </para> + + <para> + + The &cv-LIBPATH; construction variable + is turned into command line options + by appending the &cv-link-LIBDIRPREFIX; and &cv-link-LIBDIRSUFFIX; + construction variables to the beginning and end, + respectively, of each specified library. + + </para> + + <para> + + Other relevant construction variables + include those used by the &b-link-Object; + builders to affect how the + source files specified as input to the &t-Program; + builders are turned into object files; + see the next section. + + </para> + + <para> + + The command line used to control how a program is linked + is specified by the &cv-link-LINKCOM; construction variable. + By default, it uses the + &cv-link-LINK; construction variable + and the &cv-link-LINKFLAGS; construction variable. + + </para> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Object-File Builders</title> + + <para> + + &SCons; provides separate Builder objects + to create static and shared object files. + The distinction becomes especially important when + archiving object files into different types of libraries. + + </para> + + <section> + <title>The &StaticObject; Builder</title> + + <para> + + The &b-link-StaticObject; Builder + is used to build an object file + suitable for static linking into a program, + or for inclusion in a static library. + The &source; argument is a single source-code file, + and the ⌖ argument is the + name of the static object file to be created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + StaticObject('file', 'file.c') + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create the &file_o; + object file on a POSIX system, + the &file_obj; executable on a Windows system. + + </para> + + <para> + + The target file's prefix and suffix may be omitted, + and the values from the + &cv-link-OBJPREFIX; + and + &cv-link-OBJSUFFIX; + construction variables + will be appended appropriately. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment(OBJPREFIX='my', OBJSUFFIX='.xxx') + env.StaticObject('file', 'file.c') + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create an object file named + <filename>myfile.xxx</filename> + regardless of the system on which it is run. + + </para> + + <para> + + If you omit the ⌖, + the base of the first input + file name specified + beomces the base of the name + of the static object file to be created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + StaticObject('file.c') + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create the &file_o; + executable on a POSIX system, + the &file_obj; executable on a Windows system. + + </para> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>The &SharedObject; Builder</title> + + <para> + + The &b-link-SharedObject; Builder + is used to build an object file + suitable for shared linking into a program, + or for inclusion in a shared library. + The &source; argument is a single source-code file, + and the ⌖ argument is the + name of the shared object file to be created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + SharedObject('file', 'file.c') + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create the &file_o; + object file on a POSIX system, + the &file_obj; executable on a Windows system. + + </para> + + <para> + + The target file's prefix and suffix may be omitted, + and the values from the + &cv-link-SHOBJPREFIX; + and + &cv-link-SHOBJSUFFIX; + construction variables + will be appended appropriately. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment(SHOBJPREFIX='my', SHOBJSUFFIX='.xxx') + env.SharedObject('file', 'file.c') + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create an object file named + <filename>myfile.xxx</filename> + regardless of the system on which it is run. + + </para> + + <para> + + If you omit the ⌖, + the base of the first input + file name specified + becomes the base of the name + of the shared object file to be created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + SharedObject('file.c') + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create the &file_o; + executable on a POSIX system, + the &file_obj; executable on a Windows system. + + </para> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>The &Object; Builder</title> + + <para> + + The &b-link-Object; Builder is a synonym for &b-link-StaticObject; + and is completely equivalent. + + </para> + + </section> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Library Builders</title> + + <para> + + &SCons; provides separate Builder objects + to create static and shared libraries. + + </para> + + <section> + <title>The &StaticLibrary; Builder</title> + + <para> + + The &b-link-StaticLibrary; Builder + is used to create a library + suitable for static linking into a program. + The &source; argument is one or more + source-code files or object files, + and the ⌖ argument is the + name of the static library to be created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + StaticLibrary('foo', ['file1.c', 'file2.c']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + The target file's prefix and suffix may be omitted, + and the values from the + &cv-link-LIBPREFIX; + and + &cv-link-LIBSUFFIX; + construction variables + will be appended appropriately. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment(LIBPREFIX='my', LIBSUFFIX='.xxx') + env.StaticLibrary('lib', ['file1.o', 'file2.o']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create an object file named + <filename>mylib.xxx</filename> + regardless of the system on which it is run. + + </para> + + <programlisting> + StaticLibrary('foo', ['file1.c', 'file2.c']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + If you omit the ⌖, + the base of the first input + file name specified + becomes the base of the name of the static object file to be created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + StaticLibrary(['file.c', 'another.c']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create the &libfile_a; + library on a POSIX system, + the &file_lib; library on a Windows system. + + </para> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>The &SharedLibrary; Builder</title> + + <para> + + The &b-link-SharedLibrary; Builder + is used to create a shared library + suitable for linking with a program. + The &source; argument is one or more + source-code files or object files, + and the ⌖ argument is the + name of the shared library to be created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + SharedLibrary('foo', ['file1.c', 'file2.c']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + The target file's prefix and suffix may be omitted, + and the values from the + &cv-link-SHLIBPREFIX; + and + &cv-link-SHLIBSUFFIX; + construction variables + will be appended appropriately. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment(SHLIBPREFIX='my', SHLIBSUFFIX='.xxx') + env.SharedLibrary('shared', ['file1.o', 'file2.o']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create an object file named + <filename>myshared.xxx</filename> + regardless of the system on which it is run. + + </para> + + <programlisting> + SharedLibrary('foo', ['file1.c', 'file2.c']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + If you omit the ⌖, + the base of the first input + file name specified + becomes the base of the name of the shared library to be created. + For example: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + SharedLibrary(['file.c', 'another.c']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Will create the &libfile_so; + library on a POSIX system, + the &file_dll; library on a Windows system. + + </para> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>The &Library; Builder</title> + + <para> + + The &b-link-Library; Builder is a synonym for &b-link-StaticLibrary; + and is completely equivalent. + + </para> + + </section> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Pre-Compiled Headers: the &PCH; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX PCH() + + </para> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Microsoft Visual C++ Resource Files: the &RES; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX RES() + + </para> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Source Files</title> + + <para> + + By default + &SCons; supports two Builder objects + that know how to build source files + from other input files. + These are typically invoked "internally" + to turn files that need preprocessing into other source files. + + </para> + + <section> + <title>The &CFile; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX CFile() + + </para> + + <programlisting> + XXX CFile() programlisting + </programlisting> + + <screen> + XXX CFile() screen + </screen> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>The &CXXFile; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX CXXFILE() + + </para> + + <programlisting> + XXX CXXFILE() programlisting + </programlisting> + + <screen> + XXX CXXFILE() screen + </screen> + + </section> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Documents</title> + + <para> + + &SCons; provides a number of Builder objects + for creating different types of documents. + + </para> + + <section> + <title>The &DVI; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX DVI() para + + </para> + + <programlisting> + XXX DVI() programlisting + </programlisting> + + <screen> + XXX DVI() screen + </screen> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>The &PDF; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX PDF() para + + </para> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>The &PostScript; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX PostScript() para + + </para> + + <programlisting> + XXX PostScript() programlisting + </programlisting> + + <screen> + XXX PostScript() screen + </screen> + + </section> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Archives</title> + + <para> + + &SCons; provides Builder objects + for creating two different types of archive files. + + </para> + + <section> + <title>The &Tar; Builder</title> + + <para> + + The &b-link-Tar; Builder object uses the &tar; + utility to create archives of files + and/or directory trees: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment() + env.Tar('out1.tar', ['file1', 'file2']) + env.Tar('out2', 'directory') + </programlisting> + + <screen> + % <userinput>scons -Q .</userinput> + tar -c -f out1.tar file1 file2 + tar -c -f out2.tar directory + </screen> + + <para> + + One common requirement when creating a &tar; archive + is to create a compressed archive using the + <option>-z</option> option. + This is easily handled by specifying + the value of the &cv-link-TARFLAGS; variable + when you create the construction environment. + Note, however, that the <option>-c</option> used to + to instruct &tar; to create the archive + is part of the default value of &cv-TARFLAGS;, + so you need to set it both options: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment(TARFLAGS = '-c -z') + env.Tar('out.tar.gz', 'directory') + </programlisting> + + <screen> + % <userinput>scons -Q .</userinput> + tar -c -z -f out.tar.gz directory + </screen> + + <para> + + you may also wish to set the value of the + &cv-link-TARSUFFIX; construction variable + to your desired suffix for compress &tar; archives, + so that &SCons; can append it to the target file name + without your having to specify it explicitly: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment(TARFLAGS = '-c -z', + TARSUFFIX = '.tgz') + env.Tar('out', 'directory') + </programlisting> + + <screen> + % <userinput>scons -Q .</userinput> + tar -c -z -f out.tgz directory + </screen> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>The &Zip; Builder</title> + + <para> + + The &b-link-Zip; Builder object creates archives of files + and/or directory trees in the ZIP file format. + Python versions 1.6 or later + contain an internal &zipfile; module + that &SCons; will use. + In this case, given the following + &SConstruct; file: + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment() + env.Zip('out', ['file1', 'file2']) + </programlisting> + + <para> + + Your output will reflect the fact + that an internal Python function + is being used to create the output ZIP archive: + + </para> + + <screen> + % <userinput>scons -Q .</userinput> + zip(["out.zip"], ["file1", "file2"]) + </screen> + + <para> + + If you're using Python version 1.5.2 to run &SCons;, + then &SCons; will try to use an external + &zip; program as follows: + + </para> + + <screen> + % <userinput>scons -Q .</userinput> + zip /home/my/project/zip.out file1 file2 + </screen> + + </section> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Java</title> + + <para> + + &SCons; provides Builder objects + for creating various types of Java output files. + + </para> + + <section> + <title>Building Class Files: the &Java; Builder</title> + + <para> + + The &b-link-Java; builder takes one or more input + <filename>.java</filename> files + and turns them into one or more + <filename>.class</filename> files + Unlike most builders, however, + the &Java; builder takes + target and source <emphasis>directories</emphasis>, + not files, as input. + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment() + env.Java(target = 'classes', source = 'src') + </programlisting> + + <para> + + The &Java; builder will then + search the specified source directory + tree for all <filename>.java</filename> files, + and pass any out-of-date + + </para> + + <screen> + XXX Java() screen + </screen> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>The &Jar; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX The &Jar; builder object + + </para> + + <programlisting> + env = Environment() + env.Java(target = 'classes', source = 'src') + env.Jar(target = '', source = 'classes') + </programlisting> + + <screen> + XXX Jar() screen + </screen> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Building C header and stub files: the &JavaH; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX JavaH() para + + </para> + + <programlisting> + XXX JavaH() programlisting + </programlisting> + + <screen> + XXX JavaH() screen + </screen> + + </section> + + <section> + <title>Building RMI stub and skeleton class files: the &RMIC; Builder</title> + + <para> + + XXX RMIC() para + + </para> + + <programlisting> + XXX RMIC() programlisting + </programlisting> + + <screen> + XXX RMIC() screen + </screen> + + </section> + + </section> |