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-<!doctype html public>
-<html>
-<title>Xbase DBMS Chapter 16</title>
-<body bgcolor=#FFFFFF>
-<h1><p align="center">Expressions Reference<br></h1>
-<p align="center">Chapter Updated 2/19/04</p><hr>
-<br><br>
-<table border>
-<caption align=top><h3>Expression Operands</h3></caption>
-<TR VALIGN="BASELINE">
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">Operand<TD>Type<TD>Function
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">+<TD>Alpha<TD>Concatonate
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">+<TD>Numeric<TD>Addition
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">-<TD>Alpha<TD>Concatonate, remove white space
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">-<TD>Numeric<TD>Subtraction
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">*<TD>Numeric<TD>Multiplication
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">/<TD>Numeric<TD>Division
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">**<TD>Numeric<TD>Exponentiation
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT"><<TD>Logical<TD>Less Than
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">><TD>Logical<TD>Greater Than
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">=<TD>Logical<TD>Equal
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT"><><TD>Logical<TD>Not Equal
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">#<TD>Logical<TD>Not Equal
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT"><=<TD>Logical<TD>Less Than or Equal
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">>=<TD>Logical<TD>Greater Than or Equal
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">$<TD>Logical<TD>Contains
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">-><TD>N/A<TD>Identifies database field ie; DATABASE->FIELD
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">.AND.<TD>Logical<TD>Logical AND
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">.OR.<TD>Logical<TD>Logical OR
-</TABLE>
-
-<br><br><br>
-<TABLE BORDER>
-<CAPTION ALIGN="TOP"><h3>Expression Functions</h3></CAPTION>
-<TR VALIGN="BASELINE">
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">Expression Function<TD>Xbase C++ Method<TD>Description
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">ABS()<TD>xbDouble EXPN::ABS( xbDouble d )<TD>
-Returns absolute numeric value of argument.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">ASC()<TD>xbLong EXPN::ASC( char * String )<TD>
-Returns ASCII code of left character of string.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">AT()<TD>xbLong EXPN::AT( char *s1, char *s2 )<TD>
-Returns starting position of first alphanumeric argument in second argument.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">CDOW()<TD>char * EXPN::CDOW( char Date8 )<TD>
-Returns name of the day of the week of Date8.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">CHR()<TD>char * EXPN::CHR( xbLong l )<TD>
-Returns ASCII character corresponding to numeric value supplied.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">CMONTH()<TD>char * EXPN::CMONTH( char * Date8 )<TD>
-Returns name of the month of Date8.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">DATE()<TD>char * EXPN::DATE()<TD>
-Returns system date.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">DAY()<TD>xbLong EXPN::DAY( char * Date8 )<TD>
-Returns numeric value of the day of the month for Date8.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">DESCEND()<TD>EXPN::DESCEND()<TD>
-Descend - used to create descending indices
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">DTOC()<TD>char * EXPN::DTOC( char * Date8 )<TD>
-Returns a date converted to format MM/DD/YY.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">EXP()<TD>xbDouble EXPN::EXP( xbDouble d )<TD>
-Returns exponential for supplied value.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">IIF()<TD>
-char * EXPN::IIF( xbShort, const char *,const char *)<TD>If statement
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">INT()<TD>xbLong EXPN::INT( xbDouble d )<TD>
-Converts any numeric value to an integer.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">ISALPHA()<TD>xbLong EXPN::ISALPHA( char * String )<TD>
-Returns TRUE if string is alpha.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">ISLOWER()<TD>xbLong EXPN::ISLOWER( char * String )<TD>
-Returns TRUE if string is lower case.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">ISUPPER()<TD>xbLong EXPN::ISUPPER( char * String )<TD>
-Returns TRUE if string is upper case.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">LEFT()<TD>char * EXPN::LEFT( char * String, xbShort Len )<TD>
-Returns <em>Len</em> characters from the left side of <em>String</em>.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">LEN()<TD>xbLong EXPN::LEN( char * String )<TD>
-eturns the number of characters in the String.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">LOG()<TD>xbDouble EXPN::LOG( xbDouble d )<TD>
-Returns the natural log of d.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">LOWER()<TD>char * EXPN::LOWER( char * String )<TD>
-Converts a string to lower case.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">LTRIM()<TD>char * EXPN::LTRIM( char * String )<TD>
-Eliminates leading white space from String.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">MAX()<TD>xbDouble EXPN::MAX( xbDouble d1, xbDouble d2 )<TD>
-Returns the larger of two numeric arguments.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">MIN()<TD>xbDouble EXPN::MIN(xbDouble d1, xbDouble d2 )<TD>
-Returns the smaller of two numeric arguments.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">MONTH()<TD>xbLong EXPN::MONTH( char * Date8 )<TD>
-Returns numeric month for Date8.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">RECNO()<TD>xbLong EXPN::RECNO()<TD>
-Returns the current record number of the associated DBF file
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">REPLICATE()<TD>char * EXPN::REPLICATE( char * String, xbShort Count )<TD>
-Replicates String Conut times.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">RIGHT()<TD>char * EXPN::RIGHT( char * String, xbShort Count )<TD>
-Returns Count characters from the right side of String.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">RTRIM()<TD>char * EXPN::RTRIM( char * String )<TD>
-Removes trailing white space from String.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">SPACE()<TD>char * EXPN::SPACE( xbShort Count )<TD>
-Returns a buffer filled with Count spaces.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">SQRT()<TD>xbDouble EXPN::SQRT( xbDouble d )<TD>
-Returns square root of d.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">STR()<TD>
-char * EXPN::STR( xbDouble d )<hr>
-char * EXPN::STR( xbDouble, xbShort )<hr>
-char * EXPN::STR( xbDouble, xbShort, xbShort )
-<TD>
-Converts a number to a string.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">SUBSTR()<TD>char * EXPN::SUBSTR( char * String, xbShort StartPos, xbShort Len )<TD>
-Returns a string form String starting at position StartPos for a length of Len.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">TRIM()<TD>char * EXPN::TRIM( char * String )<TD>
-Same as RTRIM.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">UPPER()<TD>char * EXPN::UPPER( char * String )<TD>
-Converts a string to upper case.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">VAL()<TD>xbLong EXPN::VAL( char * String )<TD>
-Converts a string to an integer.
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">YEAR()<TD>xbLong EXPN::YEAR( char * Date8 )<TD>
-Returns numeric year from Date8.
-</TABLE>
-
-
-
-<br><br><br>
-<TABLE BORDER>
-<CAPTION ALIGN="TOP"><h3>Expression Processing Method List</h3></CAPTION>
-<TR VALIGN="BASELINE">
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">Method<TD>Description
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">GetDoubleResult()<TD>Get xbDouble result from processed expression
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">GetIntResult()<TD>Get a xbLong result from processed expression
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">GetExpressionHandle()<TD>Get an expression's handle
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">GetExpressionResultType(xbExpression *)<TD>Get expression result type
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">GetStringResult()<TD>Get xbString & result from processed expression
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">ParseExpression(char *,xbDbf *)<TD>Parse an expression
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">ProcessExpression(xbExpression *)<TD>Process a parsed expression
-</TABLE>
-<br><hr>
-<h3>Method Definitions</h3>
-<hr>
-
-<h3>Method xbDouble xbXBase::GetDoubleResult()</h3><br>
-
-This method returns a xbDouble result from a processed expression.
-<br><br>
-See the program listing in chapter 5 for an example of how to use this method.
-
-<hr>
-<h3>Method xbLong xbXBase::GetIntResult()</h3><br>
-This method returns a xbLong result from a processed expression.
-<br><br>
-See the program listing in chapter 5 for an example of how to use this method.
-
-<hr>
-<h3>Method xbExpression * xbXBase::GetExpressionHandle()</h3><br>
-
-This method returns a handle to a recently parsed expression.
-<br><br>
-See the program listing in chapter 5 for an example of how to use this method.
-
-<hr>
-<h3>Method char xbXBase::GetExpressionResultType( xbExpression * e )</h3><br>
-
-This method returns the result type for a given expression <em>e</em>.
-
-<br>
-<br>
-<TABLE BORDER>
-<CAPTION ALIGN="TOP"><h3>Method Return Codes</h3></CAPTION>
-<TR VALIGN="BASELINE">
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">Return Code Value<TD>Description
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">C<TD>char * result from processed expression
-- use GetStringResult()
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">N<TD>xbDouble result from processed expression
-- use GetDoubleResult()
-<TR><TH ALIGN="LEFT">L<TD>xbLong (also logical) result from processed expression
-- use GetIntResult()
-</TABLE><br><br>
-
-See the program listing in chapter 5 for an example of how to use this method.
-
-<hr>
-<h3>Method char * xbXBase::GetStringResult()</h3><br>
-
-This method returns a xbString & result from a processed expression.
-<br><br>
-See the program listing in chapter 5 for an example of how to use this method.
-
-<hr
-
-<hr>
-<h3>Method xbShort ParseExpression( char * exp, DBF * d)</h3><br>
-
-This method parses expression <em>exp</em>.<br><em>d</em> is a pointer to
-a database used for resolving any fieldname which does not contain the
-<en>-></em> operator.
-
-<br><br>
-See the program listing in chapter 5 for an example of how to use this method.
-<hr>
-<h3>Method xbShort ProcessExpression( xbExpression * e )</h3><br>
-
-This method processes parsed expression <em>e</em>.
-<br><br>
-See the program listing in chapter 5 for an example of how to use this method.
-<br><br>
-<hr>
-<p><img src="xbase.jpg"><br><hr>
-</BODY>
-</HTML>